Share कसरी काम गर्छ? BSE · NSE · NEPSE

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 📈 Stock Market Series  ·  Part 1 पढिसक्नुभयो? अब Part 2 — Share कसरी काम गर्छ?


Part 2Stock Market Beginner Series

Share कसरी काम गर्छ?
BSE · NSE · NEPSE

Stock Exchange को mechanism, Share किन्ने बेच्ने process

र📅 June 202⏱️ 8 min read🎯 Beginner Friendly🇳🇵 Nepali + English

                           

Introduction / परिचय

Share किन्नु भनेको के हो — साँच्चिकै?

What Does It Really Mean to Buy a Share?

"मेरो दाइ Japan मा छ। उसले एक दिन सोध्यो — 'यार, Share market मा invest गर्न मन छ तर कसरी काम गर्छ भनेर थाहा छैन। Share किन्यो भने के हुन्छ?' — यो question सुन्दा simple लाग्छ तर धेरैलाई साँच्चिकै थाहा हुँदैन।"

Share किन्नु भनेको एउटा company को सानो हिस्साको मालिक बन्नु हो। जस्तै — Nepal Telecom को 100 shares किन्यो भने तपाईं Nepal Telecom को part-owner बन्नुभयो। Company ले profit गर्यो भने तपाईंले पनि पाउनुभयो — dividend को रूपमा।

Buying a share means you own a tiny piece of a real company. If the company grows, your share's value grows. If it earns profit, you get a cut called a dividend. This is the fundamental idea behind stock markets — and it's been working for over 400 years!

📌 Part 1 मा: हामीले Stock Market को इतिहास हेर्यौँ — 1602 देखि 2026 सम्म। यदि पढ्नुभएको छैन भने पहिले त्यो पढ्नुहोस् — यो series order मा पढ्दा राम्रो हुन्छ!
Mechanism / कसरी काम गर्छ

Share Market को Basic Mechanism

From Company to Your Pocket — Step by Step

Share market मा दुई parties हुन्छन् — Company (जसले shares बेच्छ) र Investor (जसले shares किन्छ)। बिचमा हुन्छ — Stock Exchange। यो सबै कसरी connect हुन्छ हेरौँ:

🏢Companyकम्पनी
→
📋IPO / Listingसार्वजनिक निष्काशन
→
🏛️ExchangeNSE/BSE/NEPSE
↓
💻Broker AppDhan, MeroShare
→
🛒Buy / Sellकिन्ने / बेच्ने
→
💰Investorतपाईं!

Company ले पहिले IPO (Initial Public Offering) मार्फत आफ्नो shares Exchange मा list गर्छ। त्यसपछि तपाईं जस्तो investor ले Broker App बाट ती shares किन्न र बेच्न सक्नुहुन्छ — जस्तै online shopping!

🧠 Simple Analogy: Stock Exchange भनेको एउटा ठूलो "Sabji Mandi" (तरकारी बजार) हो। Company ले तरकारी ल्याउँछ (shares), तपाईं किन्नुहुन्छ। Price demand र supply बाट decide हुन्छ — जति किन्ने मान्छे बढी, price बढ्छ!

                                          
Deep Dive / विस्तृत जानकारी

Share किन्दा पछाडि के हुन्छ?

What Happens Behind the Scenes When You Buy a Share

1️⃣

तपाईंले Buy Order दिनुभयो

App मा "Buy 10 shares of Company X at Rs.500" — यो order तपाईंको broker कहाँ जान्छ।

2️⃣

Exchange मा Match हुन्छ

Exchange को computer system (matching engine) ले कसैले Rs.500 मा बेच्न चाहेको छ कि छैन खोज्छ। भेट्टायो भने — deal!

3️⃣

Settlement हुन्छ — T+1 वा T+2

India (NSE/BSE) मा T+1 — मतलब trade भएको अर्को दिन shares तपाईंको DEMAT account मा आउँछ। NEPSE मा T+3 हुन्छ।

4️⃣

DEMAT Account मा Shares आउँछ

Physical share certificate होइन — digital form मा तपाईंको DEMAT account मा shares add हुन्छ। Safe र easy!

💡 DEMAT भनेको के? Dematerialized Account — यहाँ तपाईंका सबै shares digital form मा store हुन्छन्। जस्तै bank account मा पैसा — DEMAT मा shares। Part 3 मा DEMAT account कसरी खोल्ने भनेर detail मा बताउनेछौँ!
Three Exchanges / तीन Stock Exchanges

NEPSE, NSE र BSE — के फरक छ?

Understanding the Three Exchanges NRNs Need to Know

NRN को रूपमा — Nepal मा NEPSE, India मा NSE र BSE — तीनवटा exchange relevant छन्। हरेकको आफ्नै characteristics छन्। हेरौँ एक एक गरेर:

🇳🇵
NEPSE
Nepal Stock Exchange — काठमाडौं, नेपाल
200+
Listed Companies
1993
स्थापना वर्ष
NPR
Currency
T+3
Settlement
Nepal को एकमात्र stock exchange। Banking, Hydropower, Insurance, र Finance companies यहाँ listed छन्। NRN को लागि नयाँ rules आएको छ — विदेशबाट पनि invest गर्न सकिने भएको छ। MeroShare app मार्फत trade गर्न सकिन्छ।
🇮🇳
NSE
National Stock Exchange — Mumbai, India
2000+
Listed Companies
1992
स्थापना वर्ष
INR
Currency
T+1
Settlement
India को सबैभन्दा ठूलो exchange — trade volume अनुसार। NIFTY 50 index यहाँ track हुन्छ। Fully electronic र modern। Dhan, Zerodha, Groww जस्ता apps बाट easily trade गर्न सकिन्छ। India मा रहेका वा Indian stocks मा interested NRN को लागि best।
🇮🇳
BSE
Bombay Stock Exchange — Mumbai, India
5000+
Listed Companies
1875
स्थापना वर्ष
INR
Currency
T+1
Settlement
Asia को सबैभन्दा पुरानो stock exchange — 150+ वर्ष पुरानो! SENSEX index यहाँ track हुन्छ। NSE भन्दा बढी companies listed छन् तर daily trade volume कम छ। Most brokers दुवै NSE र BSE access दिन्छन् — छुट्टाछुट्टै account चाहिँदैन।
Comparison / तुलना

NEPSE vs NSE vs BSE — Side by Side

कुन Exchange मा invest गर्ने — NRN को लागि

FeatureNEPSE 🇳🇵NSE 🇮🇳BSE 🇮🇳
IndexNEPSE IndexNIFTY 50SENSEX
Market SizeSmallVery LargeLarge
Trading AppMeroShareDhan, ZerodhaSame brokers
NRN AccessNew rules आउँदैछNRI account चाहिन्छNRI account चाहिन्छ
Best ForNepal connection, HydropowerLarge cap stocks, F&OSME stocks, IPO
Risk LevelMedium-HighMediumMedium
⚠️ NRN को लागि important: India मा invest गर्न NRI (Non-Resident Indian) status चाहिन्छ — यो Nepali NRN को लागि directly apply हुँदैन। तर Nepal को NEPSE मा NRN rules आउँदैछ — यो हाम्रो लागि direct opportunity हो!
Key Concepts / मुख्य अवधारणाहरू

Share Market का ५ जरुरी Concepts

Must-Know Terms Before You Invest

📈 Bull Market र Bear Market
तेजी र मन्दी बजार
Bull Market — Prices बढ्दै छन्, investors optimistic छन्। Bull ले horn माथि उठाउँछ — prices माथि!
Bear Market — Prices घट्दै छन्, investors fearful छन्। Bear ले paw तल झार्छ — prices तल!
💰 Dividend — लाभांश
Company ले shareholders लाई दिने profit को हिस्सा
Company ले profit कमायो भने shareholders लाई dividend दिन्छ। जस्तै Nepal Telecom ले प्रतिवर्ष dividend दिन्छ। Share price बढ्यो + dividend पायो — double benefit!
📊 Market Capitalization — बजार पूँजीकरण
Company को कुल बजार मूल्य
Market Cap = Share Price × Total Shares। Large Cap (ठूला company — stable), Mid Cap (medium — growth potential), Small Cap (सानो — high risk, high reward)।
📉 Volatility — उतारचढाव
Share price कति छिटो माथि तल हुन्छ
High volatility = price धेरै माथि तल हुन्छ। NEPSE मा Hydropower stocks volatile हुन सक्छन्। Beginners को लागि कम volatile stocks राम्रो।
🎯 52-Week High / Low
एक वर्षको सबैभन्दा माथिल्लो र तल्लो price
यो number हेरेर थाहा हुन्छ share हाल कहाँ छ — high मा छ कि low मा। 52-week low नजिक किन्नु generally राम्रो strategy मानिन्छ।

🌍 Malaysia, Japan, Gulf बाट — कुन Exchange Best?

अहिलेको लागि: NEPSE सबैभन्दा accessible छ NRN को लागि — MeroShare account र Nepal bank account भयो भने पुग्छ। Nepal Telecom जस्तो upcoming IPO को लागि यो perfect time हो!

India (NSE/BSE): Direct access गाह्रो छ — NRI banking setup चाहिन्छ। तर India मा family छ भने उनीहरूको account मार्फत mutual funds मा invest गर्न सकिन्छ।

Future plan: International brokers जस्तै Interactive Brokers मार्फत US stocks मा invest गर्न सकिन्छ — यो Part 8-9 मा detail मा बताउनेछौँ!

🔜 Coming Next

Part 3 — DEMAT Account
कसरी खोल्ने?

NEPSE र NSE/BSE मा invest गर्न DEMAT account अनिवार्य छ।
Malaysia, Japan, Gulf बाट कसरी खोल्ने — step by step guide!

Recap / सारांश

Part 2 मा के सिक्यौँ?

Key Takeaways from This Article

✅

Share किन्नु = Company को part-owner बन्नु

Company grow भयो भने तपाईंको investment पनि बढ्छ।

✅

Exchange भनेको marketplace हो

NEPSE (Nepal), NSE र BSE (India) — तीनवटा exchange NRN को लागि relevant छन्।

✅

Trade पछाडि matching engine काम गर्छ

Buy र Sell orders automatically match हुन्छन् — T+1 वा T+3 मा settlement हुन्छ।

✅

DEMAT account अनिवार्य छ

Shares digital form मा DEMAT मा store हुन्छन् — Part 3 मा यसको complete guide!

💚 यो article helpful लाग्यो भने: Malaysia, Japan, Gulf मा रहेका आफ्ना नेपाली साथीहरूलाई WhatsApp र Facebook मा share गर्नुहोस्! Series follow गर्नुहोस् — Part 3 छिट्टै आउँदैछ। 🙏
Learn and Earn Hub · Helping Nepalis Learn More & Earn More
Stock Market Beginner Series · Part 2 of 10 · Updated June 2026
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